# Metal fabrication processes explained | Best Fabricators

Source: https://bestfabricators.com/guides/metal-fabrication-processes/

# Metal fabrication processes explained

Nearly every custom metal fabrication job moves through the same five stages.

| Stage | Methods | Typical use |
| --- | --- | --- |
| Cutting | Laser, plasma, waterjet, oxy-fuel, saw, shear | Blanks, profiles, plate parts |
| Forming | Press brake, plate rolls, tube bending, punching | Brackets, enclosures, curved parts, frames |
| Joining | MIG (GMAW), TIG (GTAW), stick (SMAW), flux-core, rivets and bolts | Assemblies and structures |
| Machining | Drilling, milling, tapping | Holes, fits, threaded features |
| Finishing | Powder coat, paint, hot-dip galvanizing, polishing, passivation, anodizing (aluminum) | Corrosion protection and appearance |

Common processes

The Bureau of Labor Statistics describes cutters as using an electric arc, plasma, or burning gases to cut and trim metal, and welders as choosing a process based on factors such as the metals being joined. [1](#fn1)

## Questions

### What is the difference between MIG and TIG welding?

MIG (gas metal arc welding) feeds a wire electrode and is fast for steel. TIG (gas tungsten arc welding) uses a non-consumable tungsten electrode and separate filler, and is slower but more precise, which suits thin material, stainless, and aluminum.

### Laser, plasma, or waterjet?

Laser is precise and fast on thin to medium sheet. Plasma is economical on thicker steel. Waterjet cuts almost any material without heat, which avoids heat-affected zones.

1. U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Outlook Handbook, “Welders, Cutters, Solderers, and Brazers,” [https://www.bls.gov/ooh/production/welders-cutters-solderers-and-brazers.htm](https://www.bls.gov/ooh/production/welders-cutters-solderers-and-brazers.htm), read November 11, 2026. [↩](#p1)

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- [Aerospace and defense](https://bestfabricators.com/industries/aerospace/)
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